Main Entrance

A jury selection irregularity by: Ryan Scott • June 6, 2018 • no comments In a good opinion from the Court of Appeals today, State v. Gollas-Gomez, the defendant's convictions were reversed because the trial court refused to remove for cause a juror who admitted that he would be partial in the state's favor. Both sides are guaranteed the right to an impartial jury. The issue was well-preserved, including the fact that the defendant used all of his peremptory challenges, a requirement for appealing a trial court's decision not to remove a juror for cause. And the juror was ultimately seated on the jury. Had the juror not been seated on the jury, because the defendant used one of his peremptories on the juror, it is likely, under current case law, the convictions would not have been reversed, because (1) no harm if the biased juror is not seated on the jury and (2) defendant does not have a due process right to peremptory challenges. This puts defense counsel in an awkward position. If the judge refuses to remove a juror for cause, the defendant can still remove the juror (to avoid poisoning the trial) but gives up the issue for appeal. On the other hand, it's just one juror, and who wouldn't want to good basis for reversal, especially on multiple measure 11 charges, even if the only way to do so is to leave the juror on. There may be a way around this. The defendant does not have a due process right to peremptory challenges, but if peremptory challenges exist, the defendant has a right to the same number of challenges as the state. There is no reason the state should have an advantage. After all, if a statute or UTCR expressly gave the state more peremptory challenges at the outset than the defendant, that would be a clear constitutional violation. Why should it be any different if the same result is achieved by an erroneous ruling by the court that effectively reduces the number of challenges a defendant has? New SCOTUS opinion on auto exception by: Ryan Scott • May 29, 2018 • no comments Key quote: This case presents the question whether the automobile exception to the Fourth Amendment permits a police officer, uninvited and without a warrant, to enter the curtilage of a home in order to search a vehicle parked therein. It does not. Opinion is here. And here is Orin Kerr's hot take on the curtilage issues the opinion raises. Oregon Supreme Court - April 26, 2018 by: Rankin Johnson IV • May 15, 2018 • no comments HABEAS CORPUS -- Failure to provide medical care → continue reading... Significant Forensic Cell Phone Search at Border by: Ryan Scott • May 14, 2018 • no comments Fourthamendment.com summary here. Key Fob search opinion by: Ryan Scott • May 14, 2018 • no comments Headline from fourthamendment.com: W.D.Tex.: Removal of def’s key fob to press the buttons to locate car was a search that violated a REP in def’s pants pocket Their summary is here. Rental Car. Driving not on rental agreement. Reasonable expecation of Privacy? by: Ryan Scott • May 14, 2018 • no comments SCOTUS opinion here. Summary from SCOTUSblog here. Orin Kerr's analysis here. From the headnotes: Held: 1. The mere fact that a driver in lawful possession or control of a rental car is not listed on the rental agreement will not defeat his or her otherwise reasonable expectation of privacy. Pp. 6–13. → continue reading... When the Lawyer Concedes Guilt Over Defendant's Objection by: Ryan Scott • May 14, 2018 • no comments That's a no-no. Summary of SCOTUS's capital opinion here. Race and Traffic Stops: A Remarkable (Unpublished) Federal Opinion by: Ryan Scott • April 26, 2018 • no comments The opinion can be found here. It starts with a bang: Ohio State Trooper Hartford knew three things about Tyrone Warfield before stopping his car. He knew that Warfield, having recently exited a construction zone, was driving under the speed limit with both hands on the steering wheel. He knew that Warfield had touched the lane line twice. And he knew that Warfield was black. → continue reading... Warrantless Seizure of Vehicle's Black Box: 4th Amendment Violated by: Ryan Scott • April 24, 2018 • no comments Fourthamendment.com has the details. Foundation, Foundation, Foundation by: Ryan Scott • April 24, 2018 • no comments Interesting legal article out of Illinois. It begins notably as follows: There’s a new rule for ballistics experts who testify at trial. “Take my word for it” is not enough. Key quote: During a December 2011 trial, state police firearms examiner Justin Barr testified that he believed the bullet recovered from the victim’s body originated from Jones’ gun. Barr explained that experts look for “sufficient similarities” between bullets when trying to identify a match, but there is a level of subjectivity in the process. On cross-examination, he explained firearm examiners don’t have to identify a set number of matching irregularities or scratches, nor do they have to count them in order to determine a match. He ended his testimony without identifying any individual characteristics between his test bullets and the one recovered from the victim’s body. A new way of looking at DCS within 1000 feet of a school by: Ryan Scott • April 9, 2018 • no comments When a DCS w/in 1000 feet of a school is based on a Boyd delivery (that is, there is not a completed delivery but a substantial step towards a delivery), I suspect many of us erroneously compartmentalize two things we shouldn't. What I mean is, I think we first determine whether or not there was evidence of a substantial step toward a delivery and, if there was, whether defendant was within 1000 feet of a school. But if we treat those two questions as separate, we potentially give up a possible defense in some DCS w/in 1000 feet of a school cases. Rather, we should ask ourselves -- did the substantial step take place within 1000 feet of a school? How is that different? Well, assume defendant obtains substantial amounts of drugs, weighs them, bags them, makes arrangements to sell them, and all of this occurs far away from a school. But at some point, some small step occurs within 1000 feet of a school, and that's when he is busted. The state can easily prove a substantial step for a delivery. The state can also prove defendant was within 1000 feet of a school. But can the state prove that the "substantial step" occurred within 1000 feet of a school? Do all the steps that were taken before defendant was within 1000 feet of a school accumulate, so that -- even if the obtaining and weighing and bagging occurred somewhere else -- those steps can be counted toward determining if a substantial step has been taken near the school? There are plenty of cases where this analysis will not help much. But I can imagine some cases where it would. The key steps a defense attorney would need to take are: (1) asking for a lesser-included of DCS; (2) asking for a jury instruction that states that all steps client took towards delivery can be considered in determining if there was a substantial step towards delivery, (3) but also asking for a jury instruction that says that only the steps taken within 1000 feet of a school should be considered in determining if defendant took a substantial step towards delivery within 1000 feet of a school. What support do I have for the argument? The statute itself, the definition of attempt and the Boyd case itself. Altogether, they suggest that substantial steps toward a delivery must themselves occur within 1000 feet of a school, not merely the most recent step. Oregon Supreme Court - March 15, 2018 by: Rankin Johnson IV • March 16, 2018 • no comments Judicial Fitness → continue reading... Cross-Enforcement of the 4th Amendment by: Ryan Scott • March 15, 2018 • no comments New draft article by Orin Kerr. Opening paragraph of abstract: This Article considers whether government agents can conduct searches or seizures to enforce a different government’s law. For example, can federal officers make stops based on state traffic violations? Can state police search for evidence of federal immigration crimes? Lower courts are deeply divided on the answers. The Supreme Court’s decisions offer little useful guidance because they rest on doctrinal assumptions that the Court has since squarely rejected. The answer to a fundamental question of Fourth Amendment law – who can enforce what law – is remarkably unclear. Applying the right mental state to the material elements: a quick summary and something you probably didn't know by: Ryan Scott • March 11, 2018 • one comment Recently, I have given a number of presentations on the steps any defense lawyer should take in determining what mental state applied to which material elements. One anonymous critic wasn't impressed, but for a very practical reason: do jurors really care whether certain crimes have to be committed knowingly, recklessly or negligently? They want to know, "did the guy do it"? I think it depends on the case. Applying criminal negligence to $ value in a theft or criminal mischief may not matter most of the time, but in the right case -- a victim claiming $800 sunglasses in her stolen purse, plus a $400 alligator-skin wallet, to give an extreme example -- it could easily result in a conviction for a less serious charge. But I think the question misses the big picture. One, defense attorneys should always make sure the state proves its case, and we aren't doing our jobs by giving the state a gimme on an element or two. Secondly, the jury may not care but the Court of Appeals will. The wrong jury instruction will result in a reversal more times than not. Given how risk-adverse some trial judges are, the likelihood of a judge giving an instruction at odds with the standard instruction is slim, and the chances of reversal are high, if you ask for the right instruction. So, here is a quick summary of a portion of the relevant law, and a slight twist that might come in handy in the right case. → continue reading... Notable Petition for Cert: Can the state seize internet traffic info without PC? by: Ryan Scott • January 24, 2018 • no comments Ulbricht v. United States Pending petition Issues: (1) Whether the warrantless seizure of an individual’s internet traffic information without probable cause violates the Fourth Amendment; and (2) whether the Sixth Amendment permits judges to find the facts necessary to support an otherwise unreasonable sentence. Go to link above to get the petition, which deserves extra points for the Princess Bride references. Cell Phones, Residences and Search Warrants by: Ryan Scott • January 22, 2018 • no comments In a recent case, US v. Griffith, the contents of a search warrant affidavit are described as follows: The bulk of the ten-page affidavit supporting the search warrant explained Griffith's suspected involvement in the homicide committed more than one year beforehand. The affiant, a 22-year veteran of the police department, recounted the evidence and expressed his belief that Griffith had been the getaway driver. The affidavit also described the evidence that Griffith now lived with Lewis in her apartment. Two sentences in the affidavit then set out the basis for believing incriminating evidence would be discovered in the apartment. Those sentences read as follows: Based upon your affiant's professional training and experience and your affiant's work with other veteran police officers and detectives, I know that gang/crew members involved in criminal activity maintain regular contact with each other, even when they are arrested or incarcerated, and that they often stay advised and share intelligence about their activities through cell phones and other electronic communication devices and the Internet, to include Facebook, Twitter and E-mail accounts. Based upon the aforementioned facts and circumstances, and your affiant's experience and training, there is probable cause to believe that secreted inside of [Lewis's apartment] is evidence relating to the homicide discussed above. Is that enough for probable cause? The federal circuit court ruled as follows: The government's argument in support of probable cause to search the apartment rests on the prospect of finding one specific item there: a cell phone owned by Griffith. Yet the affidavit supporting the warrant application provided virtually no reason to suspect that Griffith in fact owned a cell phone, let alone that any phone belonging to him and containing incriminating information would be found in the residence. At the same time, the warrant authorized the wholesale seizure of all electronic devices discovered in the apartment, including items owned by third parties. In those circumstances, we conclude that the warrant was unsupported by probable cause and unduly broad in its reach. The court explains further: In light of the distinctness of the inquiries, probable cause to arrest a person will not itself justify a warrant to search his property. Regardless of whether an individual is validly suspected of committing a crime, an application for a search warrant concerning his property or possessions must demonstrate cause to believe that “evidence is likely to be found at the place to be searched.” Groh v. Ramirez, 540 U.S. 551, 568 (2004). Moreover, “[t]here must, of course, be a nexus ․ between the item to be seized and criminal behavior.” Warden, Md. Penitentiary v. Hayden, 387 U.S. 294, 307 (1967). Those concerns about the distinct requirements for a search warrant are particularly salient in this case, for two reasons. First, the warrant application sought authorization to search a home, which stands at “the very core” of the Fourth Amendment's protections. Silverman v. United States, 365 U.S. 505, 511 (1961); see Groh, 540 U.S. at 559. Second, the scope of a permissible search depends on the specific spaces in which the object of the search might be found. See Maryland v. Garrison, 480 U.S. 79, 84-85 (1987). Authorization to search for an item fitting in the palm of a hand, like a cell phone, thus can entail an intrusive inspection of all corners of a home. (And here, as explained below, officers sought and obtained authorization to continue their search until they found every cell phone and electronic device in the apartment.) This case, in short, involves the prospect of an especially invasive search of an especially protected place. Wait! Is the court really saying there must be some evidence that this particular suspect owned a cell phone? That brings us back to the warrant application's reliance on cell phones—in particular, on the possibility that Griffith owned a cell phone, and that his phone would be found in the home and would contain evidence of his suspected offense. With regard to his ownership of a cell phone, it is true that, as the Supreme Court recently said, cell phones are now “such a pervasive and insistent part of daily life that the proverbial visitor from Mars might conclude they were an important feature of human anatomy.” Riley, 134 S. Ct. at 2484. We do not doubt that most people today own a cell phone. But the affidavit in this case conveyed no reason to think that Griffith, in particular, owned a cell phone. There was no observation of Griffith's using a cell phone, no information about anyone having received a cell phone call or text message from him, no record of officers recovering any cell phone in his possession at the time of his previous arrest (and confinement) on unrelated charges, and no indication otherwise of his ownership of a cell phone at any time. To the contrary, the circumstances suggested Griffith might have been less likely than others to own a phone around the time of the search: he had recently completed a ten-month period of confinement, during which he of course had no ongoing access to a cell phone; and at least one person in his circle—his potential co-conspirator, Carl Oliphant—was known not to have a cell phone. We are aware of no case, and the government identifies none, in which police obtained authorization to search a suspect's home for a cell phone without any particularized information that he owned one. In the typical case, officers will have already come into possession of a suspect's phone after seizing it on his person incident to his arrest. See, e.g., id. at 2480-82; United States v. Bass, 785 F.3d 1043, 1049 (6th Cir. 2015). Officers also might receive reliable indication of a suspect's possession of a cell phone. See, e.g., United States v. Mathis, 767 F.3d 1264, 1269 (11th Cir. 2014); United States v. Grupee, 682 F.3d 143, 145-46 (1st Cir. 2012). There was no such information here about Griffith. Orin Kerr: If Carpenter is Going to Win, This is How the Case Should Be Decided by: Ryan Scott • January 2, 2018 • no comments Orin Kerr believes the gov't should prevail in the potentially explosive case of US v. Carpenter, argued in November at SCOTUS. But oral argument suggested that the court had a majority in favor of Carpenter. Orin Kerr -- who is always worth reading but particularly on cases where electronic devices and the 4th Amendment intersect -- proposes a way that the court could rule for Carpenter that he thinks makes the most sense. Key quote: If the Court wants to rule for Carpenter, I think the best rule would be that the Fourth Amendment gives individuals Fourth Amendment rights in records solely useful to the government to identify that individual's physical location at a particular time. The question would be objective: Is that category of record something that ordinarily is solely useful to the government to determine a person's location? If the nature of that kind of record means that it is of a type ordinarily only of government use to identify a person's physical location, then it is protected by the Fourth Amendment unless there has been consent to the search. On the other hand, if government collection of that kind of record ordinarily has a non-location purpose, then this special rule would not apply and the third-party doctrine would continue to apply. This is an attractive argument. There is something particularly disturbing about the concept of perpetual surveillance. But of course such surveillance is complicated when we voluntarily carry around the instruments of such surveillance. Regardless, I'm linking to Mr. Kerr's argument not merely because it's always valuable to work through such issues (especially when the potential unravelling of the third-party doctrine could have such a big impact on the practice of criminal defense), but also because his analysis is useful for those of who might litigate the issue at the trial level and your client's location is exactly what the government was seeking. Crime keeps on dropping in NYC by: Ryan Scott • December 28, 2017 • no comments New York Times story here. Key quote: The continued declines are a boon to Mr. de Blasio, a Democrat elected on promises of police reform — promises that prompted warnings of mayhem to come by his opponents in 2013. But the opposite has happened, putting him on stronger footing as he pivots to a second term with a Police Department transformed to exercise greater restraint as it focuses on building trust in the city’s neighborhoods. Kevin Drum's observation about the news here. Key quote: I should note that the lead-crime hypothesis predicted this. In fact, I did predict this four years ago. As long as lead poisoning rates stay low, there’s simply no reason to think that crime rates will change dramatically because of stop-and-frisk or anything else. Lead is no longer significantly responsible for changes in crime rates. That happened between 1990-2010 as the number of lead-poisoned children plummeted. But everyone under 30 today was born in a low-lead environment, and there’s not much lower for things to go. So when you see crime spikes either upward (Chicago) or downward (New York) it has nothing to do with lead exposure. Other factors are now far more at play. However, what you can say is that, generally, low crime rates are here to stay. Better or worse policing can change things at the margin, but we’re just not ever going back to the 70s and 80s. Thanks, EPA! By the way, the NY Times also published this story: E.P.A. Wanted Years to Study Lead Paint Rule. It Got 90 Days. Key quote: A federal appeals court on Wednesday ordered the Environmental Protection Agency to revise its nearly 17-year-old standard for dangerous levels of lead in paint and dust within one year, a rare legal move that amounts to a sharp rebuff of President Trump and Scott Pruitt, the E.P.A. administrator. The decision also called attention to the persistent threat of lead paint to children in millions of American homes, four decades after the federal government banned it from households. A couple of notable petitions for cert by: Ryan Scott • December 22, 2017 • no comments From SCOTUSblog: Asboth v. Wisconsin 17-781 Issue: Whether standardized criteria must guide police discretion to seize a vehicle without a warrant or probable cause after its operator has been taken into police custody. Quarles v. United States 17-778 Issue: Whether Taylor v. United States’ definition of generic burglary requires proof that intent to commit a crime was present at the time of unlawful entry or first unlawful remaining, as two circuits hold; or whether it is enough that the defendant formed the intent to commit a crime at any time while “remaining in” the building or structure, as the court below and three other circuits hold. Neither have been granted yet. Analysis Of Today's US v. Carpenter Oral Argument by: Ryan Scott • November 29, 2017 • no comments From SCOTUSblog: The Supreme Court heard oral argument this morning in an important privacy-rights case. The defendant in the case, Timothy Carpenter, was convicted and sentenced to 116 years in prison for his role in a series of armed robberies in Indiana and Michigan. At his trial, prosecutors introduced Carpenter’s cellphone records, which confirmed that his cellphone connected with cell towers in the vicinity of the robberies. Carpenter argued that prosecutors could not use the cellphone records against him because they had not gotten a warrant for them, but the lower courts disagreed. Today the Supreme Court seemed more sympathetic, although they were clearly uncertain about exactly what to do. As Justice Stephen Breyer put it at one point, “This is an open box. We know not where we go.” For Orin Kerr's view that Carpenter is likely to win (even if he doesn't think he should), check this out: https://www.facebook.com/Lawfareblog/videos/1604734639583162/ For the transcript of oral argument, go here. For Dahlia Lithwick's take, go here. Search Warrants, Cell Phones and Particularity by: Ryan Scott • October 25, 2017 • no comments A murder conviction was reversed last week, on the grounds that the search warrant for the cell phone was overbroad. State v. Allen. Allen relied on the Court of Appeals opinion, State v. Mansor. Mansor is currently under advisement at the Oregon Supreme Court. For an overview of the issue by an assistant district attorney, see this very new New York Law Journal article on the topic. It's useful if you're looking for out-of-Oregon opinions on the topic. Its somewhat bland conclusion: Given the advances in technology and the centrality of computers in the everyday lives of most people, computer searches have come under increased judicial scrutiny. The particularity clause of the Fourth Amendment has been asserted by the defense with new vigor in the context of digital raids authorized by search warrants. For the most part, though, courts continue to uphold reasonable specificity in particularity of the items to be seized that gives sufficient guidance to executing officers, and leaves them little discretion. Nevertheless, it is certain that this area of the law will continue to be scrutinized by the courts, and evolve in light of technological developments. Another Trial Tip by: Ryan Scott • October 25, 2017 • no comments Assume your client is arrested for X. He is charged with something flowing out of the arrest, but before that something is litigated, he is acquitted of whatever he was originally arrested for. The jury is entitled to hear about the arrest, despite the acquittal, because it's highly relevant to the subsequent charges. Do the jurors get to hear he was acquitted? “[T]he admission of evidence of other offenses in which the defendant has been involved without disclosing that he was acquitted tends to brand him as a ‘criminal’ and exposes him to the danger that the jury might lose sight of the presumption of innocence and the high level of proof required to rebut it.” Smith, 271 Or at 299. Trial Tip o' the Day by: Ryan Scott • October 25, 2017 • no comments When is it abuse of discretion for a judge to give a "witness-false-in-part" instruction over the defendant's objection? Although defendant told the police something different about her behavior the night of the offense than she testified to at trial, in her trial testimony, she admitted that she had lied to the police earlier. In response to questions on cross-examination, defendant explained that she had lied about Brett being in the bedroom because she did not want him to get into trouble for drinking in violation of his probation. Thus, the identified inconsistency does not tend to show that there was anything about defendant’s testimony that was false—let alone consciously false—when measured against her earlier statements. Instead, defendant’s testimony in this case demonstrates quite clearly that her prior statements were false, not that her testimony was false. In other words, there is nothing about defendant’s statements to the police that contradicts her testimony at trial that she had lied in making those statements. In short, defendant’s statements at the scene do not provide a basis from which the jury could find that defendant consciously testified falsely, and the court abused its discretion in giving the instruction on that basis.” Milnes, 256 Or App at 708-09 (emphases omitted). Carpenter: A primer by: Ryan Scott • October 23, 2017 • no comments From Forbes: Opening quote: On November 29, 2017, the Supreme Court is scheduled to hear argument in one of the most important digital privacy cases in recent years. Carpenter v. United States has its origins in a string of armed robberies in Michigan and Ohio that occurred over a period of several months in late 2010 and early 2011. As part of the resulting criminal investigation, the government requested and received a court order to obtain what is often called “cell site location information” (CSLI) for the mobile phone owned by Carpenter, who was one of the suspects in the investigation. The CSLI information, which placed Carpenter’s phone at a location within several miles of the crime scenes, was presented along with video evidence and eyewitness testimony at a federal district court trial in which Carpenter was convicted. After the Sixth Circuit upheld the conviction, Carpenter appealed to the Supreme Court, arguing that the government’s warrantless acquisition of CSLI violated his Fourth Amendment rights. SW for Cell Phone Sufficiently Limited to Texts from One Person by: Ryan Scott • October 12, 2017 • no comments Per fourthamendment.com: Defendant was a police officer who was suspected of sexual battery of a student ride along. There were text messages, and a search warrant was obtained for his cell phone. The lack of a time frame for the text messages didn’t make the warrant violate the Fourth Amendment because it was limited to one person’s text messages. State v. Swing, 2017-Ohio-8039, 2017 Ohio App. LEXIS 4392 (12th Dist. Oct. 2, 2017). 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Enter your email to get notice of new articles: ________________________________________________ Oregon Appellate Court--June 6, 2018 by: Rankin Johnson IV • June 14, 2018 • no comments CRIMES-Unlawful possession of a weapon EVIDENCE-Authentication EVIDENCE-Hearsay APPEALS-Preservation of error TRIAL PROCEDURE-Juror qualification POST-CONVICTION RELIEF-Advice of immigration consequences CONTEMPT-Judgment or order EVIDENCE-Expert witnesses → read the full summaries... Oregon Supreme Court - May 2, 2018 by: Rankin Johnson IV • June 5, 2018 • no comments VICTIM'S RIGHTS -- Right to speak at sentencing → read the full summaries... Oregon Supreme Court - May 10, 2018 by: Rankin Johnson IV • June 4, 2018 • no comments SENTENCING -- Adult Sentencing of Juveniles → read the full summaries... Oregon Appellate Court--May 16, 2018 by: Rankin Johnson IV • May 22, 2018 • no comments SENTENCING -- Merger JURY INSTRUCTIONS -- Accomplices TRIAL PROCEDURE - In-camera review SEARCH AND SEIZURE -- Scope of stop APPEALS -- Mootness DEFENSES -- Freedom of speech SENTENCING -- Restitution → read the full summaries... Oregon Supreme Court - April 19, 2018 by: Rankin Johnson IV • May 7, 2018 • one comment ACCUSATORY INSTRUMENTS -- ORICO APPEALS -- Preservation → read the full summaries... Oregon Appellate Court--April 11, 2018 by: Rankin Johnson IV • May 7, 2018 • no comments CIVIL COMMITMENT -- Sufficiency EVIDENCE - Curative or conditional admissibility POST-CONVICTION relief -- Ineffectiveness and tactical choices APPEALS -- Preservation EVIDENCE -- Expert testimony → read the full summaries... Oregon Appellate Court--April 4, 2018 by: Rankin Johnson IV • April 19, 2018 • no comments CRIMES -- Identity theft SEARCH AND SEIZURE -- Lawful scope of traffic stop TRIAL PROCEDURE -- 403 balancing EVIDENCE -- Relevance RIGHT TO COUNSEL -- Invocation EVIDENCE -- Hearsay TRIAL PROCEDURE -- Requests for substitute counsel TRIAL PROCEDURE -- Witness-false-in-part instruction TRIAL PROCEDURE -- Mere-presence instruction → read the full summaries... Oregon Supreme Court - March 22, 2018 by: Rankin Johnson IV • April 11, 2018 • no comments Sentencing - CDO factors LGBTQ issues → read the full summaries... Oregon Appellate Court--March 21, 2018 by: Rankin Johnson IV • April 10, 2018 • no comments RIGHT TO COUNSEL SENTENCING SEARCH AND SEIZURE TRIAL PROCEDURE EVIDENCE CIVIL COMMITMENT SELF-INCRIMINATION SEARCH AND SEIZURE RIGHT TO COUNSEL -- Waiver SENTENCING -- Merger SEARCH AND SEIZURE -- Reasonable suspicion SENTENCING -- Merger TRIAL PROCEDURE -- Closing argument EVIDENCE -- Eyewitness testimony CIVIL COMMITMENT -- Requirements for hearing SELF-INCRIMINATION -- Compelling circumstances SEARCH AND SEIZURE -- Reasonable suspicion SEATCH AND SEIZURE -- Staleness EVIDENCE -- Written reports and lack of memory SENTENCING -- Compensatory fines → read the full summaries... Oregon Appellate Court--March 28, 2018 by: Rankin Johnson IV • April 3, 2018 • no comments MARIJUANA REGULATION SENTENCING MARIJUANA REGULATION -- Preemption SENTENCING -- Merger → read the full summaries... Oregon Appellate Court--March 14, 2018 by: Rankin Johnson IV • March 28, 2018 • no comments CRIMES TRIAL PROCEDURE APPEALS STALKING/VROs SENTENCING SEARCH AND SEIZURE SEARCH AND SEIZURE -- Closed containers CRIMES -- Burglary TRIAL PROCEDURE -- Accomplice instructions TRIAL PROCEDURE -- MJOAs APPEALS -- Preservation of Error STALKING/VROs -- Acts constituting violation CRIMES -- Endangering the welfare of a minor SENTENCING -- Restitution CRIMES -- Possession of concealed firearm → read the full summaries... Oregon Appellate Court--March 7, 2018 by: Rankin Johnson IV • March 21, 2018 • no comments POST-CONVICTION RELIEF APPEALS POST-CONVICTION RELIEF TRIAL PROCEDURE SEARCH AND SEIZURE POST-CONVICTION RELIEF - Inadequate assistance of counsel APPEALS -- Scope of remand POST-CONVICTION RELIEF -- Remedies TRIAL PROCEDURE -- Motions in arrest of judgment POST-CONVICTION RELIEF - Statutes of limitations TRIAL PROCEDURE -- Motions in to correct the judgment TRIAL PROCEDURE -- Motions for judgment of Acquittal SEARCH AND SEIZURE -- Inventory POST-CONVICTION RELIEF -- Church hearings → read the full summaries... Oregon Supreme Court - March 1, 2018 by: Rankin Johnson IV • March 16, 2018 • no comments Evidence Appeals Evidence - other-bad-acts Appeals - mootness appeals -cross-appeals and cross-assignments of error → read the full summaries... Oregon Appellate Court--February 28, 2018 by: Rankin Johnson IV • March 5, 2018 • no comments SENTENCING TRIAL PROCEDURE EVIDENCE CRIMES TRIAL PROCEDURE SENTENCING SENTENCING - Compensatory fines TRIAL PROCEDURE -- Good cause EVIDENCE -- Other bad acts CRIMES--Burglary TRIAL PROCEDURE -- Demurrers SENTENCING -- Review of prison rules SENTENCING -- Forfeiture of firearms EVIDENCE -- Vouching → read the full summaries... Oregon Appellate Court--February 22, 2018 by: Rankin Johnson IV • February 27, 2018 • no comments SEARCH AND SEIZURE EVIDENCE CONTEMPT EVIDENCE CRIMES SEARCH AND SEIZURE SENTENCING TRIAL PROCEDURE CRIMES CRIMES SEARCH AND SEIZURE - Reasonable suspicion EVIDENCE -- OEC 403 balancing CONTEMPT -- Remedial contempt CRIMES--DUII CRIMES--Felon in possession of a firearm EVIDENCE -- Inferences SEARCH AND SEIZURE -- Consent searches SENTENCING -- Statutory maximum term TRIAL PROCEDURE -- Motions for new trials SENTENCING -- No-contact provisions → read the full summaries... ________________________________________________ Search and Seizure Privacy Interest, Stops,Arrests, Consent, Warrant Exceptions, Suppression Exceptions, Search Warrants Forensic Science Ballistics, Bitemarks, Bloodstains, DNA, Eyewitness ID, Fingerprints, Handwriting ID, Polygraphs, Shaken Baby Evidence Code Procedure, Relevance, Privileges, Lay Witnesses, Experts, Hearsay, Physical Evidence Immigration Padilla, Agg Felonies, Inadmissibility, Removability, Moral Turpitude, Naturalization, Juveniles, U-Visas Crimes Measure 11, Drugs, Sex Crimes, Homicide, Property, DUII, Child Abuse, Other Crimes Self Incrimination Evidentiary Burdens, State Compulsion, Custody/Compelling Circumstances, Right to Silence, Impeachment Mental States Civil Commitments, Aid & Assist, GEI, Disordered Mental State, Mens Rea, Testing, DSM-IV Defenses Alibi, Necessity, Speedy Trial, Self Defense Oregon Constitution Speedy Trial, Right to Counsel, Confrontation, Double Jeopardy, Equal Privileges, Ex Post Facto, Venue |Trial Procedure Charging Decision, Discovery, Right to Counsel, Pretrial Motions Extradition Veterans and Military Service Created by Jess Barton. Sentencing Criminal Episodes,Merger, Consecutive Sentences, Mandatory Minimums, Probation, Restitution, Collateral Consequences